Improved felly-machine



./f/ff/flf /o JKM/77 AM. PROTO-LITHO. C0. NY. (OSBDRNES PROCESS) -UNITED STATESy PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT `MASSEY7 OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVED FELLY-MACHINE..

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,177, dated October 6, 1863.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RoBEn'r MAssEY, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Cutting Fellies, 8vo.; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. v v My invention consists of a certain novel mechanism, fully described hereinafter, for cutting from a plank with rapidity and accuracy segmental strips to be used in forming the fellies of wheels, and for other purposes.

` In order to enable others skilled in the art .to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

. 0n reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure l is a vertical section ot' my machine for cutting out fellies, Sto. Fig. 2, a plan view; Fig. 3, a transverse section on the line l 2, Fig. l; Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, views of' detached portions of the machine.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The main stationary frame-work ofthe machine is composed of the two longitudinal beams A and A', connected together at the ends by the cross-beams B and B', these four beams being connected by suitable uprights to similar beams beneath-namely, to the beams I) and D and cross-beamsE and the whole being supported on suitable legs.

F is the driving-shaft of the machine, which turns at one end in a suitable box, a, attached to a beam, b, secured to the uprightsV c of the stationary frame, the other end turning in a similar box, a', secured to the frame-work G, Fig. 1, which may either lform a part of the main stationary frame or may be secured to an independent foundation. This drivingshaft F is furnished with the fast and loose pulleys d and d', arranged for the reception of a belt. which passes round the main drivingpulley H, the latter being secured to any adjacent shaft. y

On one end ofthe shaft F is a crank-pulley, I, the pin e of which is embraced by the lower end of the connecting-rod J, the upper end ot which is connected to a pin passing through lugs f fon the lower end ofthe reciprocating saw-frame, the latter consisting of a vertical sliding bar, K, from which project the upper and lower arms. lo k', the whole being arranged to move in suitable guides, h h h h, sef cured to the frame-work of the machine.

To the lower arm, 7c, of the reciprocating frame are secured the two blocksi and i, and to the upper arm, 7c', of the same frame are secured two similar blocks, z' and each block being so arranged that it can be moved longitudinally on the arm, and be secured by a bolt or nut after adjustment.

A saw, L, is secured at the lower end to the sliding block i, and at the upper end to the sliding block i", in such a manner that a proper degree of tension can be imparted to the said saw. A similar saw, L, is secured to and stretched between the two sliding blocks i and if.

It may be remarked here that the fellies are cut from a plank by the reciprocating saws L and L, and that the width ot the fellies is determined by the distance, between the said saws, and this distance, as will be readily seen, can be regulated at pleasure by adjusting the above-mentioned sliding blocks.

A table-or platform, M, is secured to and *forms a part of the stationary frame, this platform being cut away in the neighborhood of the saws, so as to permit the latter to reciprocate freely and allow for their proper.

lateral adjustment. Beneath this platform,

`and turning in suitable bearings, are any convenient number of spindles,`N, each spindle having a roller, I), the upper edge of which projects slightly' above the surface of the table, so that the plank from which the fellies are cut can rest on the rollers and be free from contact with the table.

To the frame and near the saws L and L' is secured a vertical post, Q, on which the frame It is arranged to slide freely, the vertical position of the said frame being controlled by a screw, m, as best observed on reference to Fig. 6.

Two blocks, a and a', are arranged to slide on the frame It, and are provided with screws, so that they can be secured after adj ustment. To the outer block, n, is hinged an arm, p, rounded on the under side, and so acted on by a spring, q, (see Fig. 3,) that the said arm will bear with considerable pressure on the plank from which the fellies4 have to be cut. VA similar arm, rounded on the under side, projects from the adjustable block u', to which, however the said arm is not hinged. The

purport ot' these adjustable blocks with their stationary frame, is provided with a pulley, 1.0,'

driven by a belt, which passes round a similar pulley, attached to or forming a part of another pulley, y, which turns 011 a stationary shaft, V, secured to the frame, near one of the lower corners of the same.

A beit passes from the pulley y round a pulley, W, on the shaft X, which also turns in projections on the frame, and extends throughout the entire length of the same. On this shaft X are two loose pulleys, Y and' Y', between which is a clutch, 2, having at one end inclined projections adapted to inclined recesses on the hub of the pulley Y, and at the other end similar projections adapted to recesses in the hub of the pulley Y', the clutch itself having a groove, into which projeetsan arm, 3, on the rod 4, which isarranged to have alimited longitudinal movement on the frame, and which will be more especially alluded to hereinafter. The pulley Y is driven by a belt which passes round a pulley, 5, on the shaft 6, and the pulley Y' from a belt which passes round a pulley, 7, on the same shaft, which turns in bearings on the stationary frame, the shaft deriving its motion from a belt which passesround the pulley 8 and round the pulley 9 on the driving-shaft F.

On the shaft U is a wheel, 10, on the periphery of which are arranged a number of teeth or-pins adapted to the spaces between similar pins projecting from the edge of the segmental wheel 11, which is secured to the vertical shaft 12, the latter turning in a frame, 13, which is arranged to slide on guide-bars 14 14, secured to and forming a part of the stationary frame, the under side of the sliding frame having a V-shaped projection adapted to a V-shaped groove in one of the said` bars 14, so that the said frame can have a longitudinal movement.

A bar, 15, is secured at one end to the sliding frame 13, and at the other end is so bent and so adapted to a groove in the wheel 1() that the teeth of the said wheel always remain in gear with those of the segmental wheel 11, no matter what position the latter wheel may be moved to, inasmuch as the Wheel 10 is caused by the said bar 15 to follow the frame 13 and segmental wheel and to slide along the shaft U.

`A segmental plate, 16, is secured to or forms part of the frame 13, the outer edge of this plate and an opening in the same representing portions of circumferences of circles the ccnters of which coincide with the center ot the shaft 12. On this plate are two adjustable stops, 17 and 18, the duties ot which will be rendered apparent hereinafter.

Above the segmental plate 16, and to the shaft 12;` is secured a plate, 19, on which are guides for the reception of the sliding rack 20, 'one end ot' this rack having a plate, 2l, on Athe serrated upper surface of which rests the plank from which the fellies have to be out.

Above the serrated plate 2t is a block, 22, which is secured to and rendered adjustable on the vertical portion of the arm 23, the end ot' the horizontal portion ot' which is hinged to the rack 20, a spring secured to the under side of the latter tending to raise the said arm, and with it the block 22. A set-screw; 24, serves to depress the arm and block, the latter,.together with the serrated plate 21, thus constituting jaws by which the plank to be operated on by the saws is grasped.

On the plate 19, which, as before remarked, is secured to the shaft 12, are two standards, 25, in which turns the shaft 26. To this shaft is secured the lever 27, to the lower end of which is hung the pawl 28, the outer end of the latter having 'a projection adapted to the spaces between the teeth of the rack 20. The upper or short arm ot' this lever 27 is connected by a rod, 29, to the upper or long arm of the lever 30, Fig. 4, which has its fulcrum on a pin, 31, attached to one ofthej standards 25, the lower or short arm of this lever being connected to a rod, 32, at the outer end and under side ot' which is a projection, one end of the latter being arranged to come in contact with the stop 17 on the segmental plate 16, and the other end to come in contact with the stop 18 on the same plate.

To a projection on the plate 19 is hung a lever, 33, the bent end of which is caused by a spring to bear in one or other of the spaces between the teeth ofthe rack 20. On the top of the short arm of this lever bears one arm of the lever 34, which is also hung to a pin on the plate 19, the other arm of this lever being acted on by an inclined projection, 35, Fig. 2, on the segmental plate 16, under the circumstances described hereinafter.

A lever, 49, is hung to a pin attached tothe standard 25, the lower arm of this lever being connected to a sliding block, 50, whiohfis arranged to move to and fro on the plate 19, and which is actedon by a spring, 60. To the upper arm of the lever 49 is secureda rod, 5t, on which is an adjustable block, 52, a pin, 53, on the lever 30 being arranged to come in contact with this block at intervals during the movement of the machine. (See Figs. 4 and 7.)

A slotted rod, 36, is arranged to slide in the stationary frame of the machine, and to this rod are secured the two adjustable rollers 37 and 38. (Best observed on reference to Fi g. 2.) Between these rollers an arm, 39, projects from the vertical shaft 12, to which the said arm is A screw-shaft, 54,' is arranged to turn inthe` stationary frame of the machine, the threads of'the shaft corresponding" to an internal thread in the nut 55, 'which is' confined to the segmentalplate 16. One end of this screwV`v` shaft is furnished with a bevel-wheel, 56, which gears intov a similar" wheel, 57, on a shaft, 58, which also turns in the stationary fra-me of the machine, and which is furnished with a suitable handle, 59.

Prior to setting the machine in motion, the

plank'pfrom which the fellies havetob'e cutis secured to the end of the rack by means of the screwjaws, com posed of the serrated plate 21, block 22, and screw 24, the plank being represented by the red lines 5 8, Fig. 2. On reference to that tigureit will be seen that the plank has been partially cut at two points by the two saws, the direction of the cut beingin the arc of a circle of which the vertical shaft 12 is'the center. Let us now suppose that the machine is in operation, a rapid reciprocating motion being` imparted to the saw frame K and its saws, through the medium of the driving-shaft F,crankwheel1,and connectingro`d `J. Through the shaft U,and whcel 10, and segmental wheel 1l, the vertical shaft 12, and -all attached thereto, yis in the act of turning in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2, the plank being also turned so that the line of cut bythe two Vsaws is continued in the arcso circles 4`alluded to above until' a segment is cut from the plank. Vhen one of these segments has been thus cut from the plank, the arm 39, which, as before remarked, projects from'the vertical shaft 12, comes in contact with the adjustable roller 3S on the slotted slidngrod 36, causing the latter to move in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2. This movement of the sliding rod is continued while the saws are still acting on the plank, the hanger 40 of the rod being in Contact with the pin 42 on the weighted lever 43, which is gradually moved by the sliding rod from the inclined position shown by dotted lines, Fig. 5, to a vertical or slightly beyond a vertical position, so that the Weight 44 causes the completion of the levers movement, the said lever assuming the inclined position shown in plain lines, Fig. 5. The last portion of the movement of the lever, owing to the weight 44, is sudden, and causes the sliding piece 46 to as suddenly strike the projection 48 on the sliding bar 4, which operates the clutch 2 so as to throw the pulley Y into gear with the shaftX and the pulley Y out of gear with the said shaft.

1t should be understood that of the belts which drive the pulleysYand Y', oneis crossed and the other straight, s'o that 'when the larger pulley'Y was the medium through which the plate 13, and consequently the plank, were turned in the direction of the arrow, the

moment this larger pulley is thrown out of gear and the smallerpulley into gear by means ofthe clutch 2 the motion ofthe shaft 13 and theplank must, of necessity, be reversed and turn in' a contrary direction to that pointed out by the arrow, and this reversal takes place-v as soon 'as one segment has been cut from the plank.

Prior to-the reversal of the motion of the shaft 12, the projection on the rod 32 comes in contact with the stop 18 ou the segmental plate 16, and so operates thelever 30 that the pawl 28 is moved back,`its end sliding over oneor'more teeth of the rack `20, yand finally dropping into one of the spaces between the teeth at the rear of the space it had previously occupied. i 1n ythis position -the paw] remains until the close of the reverse movement of the' shaft 12. lt will be understood that by proper dimensions ofthe drivin g-pulleys this reversed movement of the plank is more rapid than the movement during which the-saws act on the plank, in order that time may be saved in the operation of the machine. At the close of the reverse movement of the shaft 13 and the plank several movements take place, whichv I will now proceed to describe;

The weighted lever 43 is,partly by the action of the sliding rod 36 and its projection 41, and partly by the weight 44, again moved to the position shown by dotted lines, and consequently the clutch 2 is thrown into gear with the pulley Y, which results in causing the shaft 13 and the plank to again move in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 2. Simultaneously with this reversal of the shaft .12 the inner end of the projection on the rod 32 `comes in contact with the adjustable stop 17, and so actuates the lever 30, and consequently the lever 27, that the pawl 2S moves the rack 20, and with it the plank, forward to a given distance. In order to permit this rack to take this forward movement, the end of the lever 33, which had served as a lock for the rack; is raised free from the same by the sliding block 5U at the end ofthe lower arm of the lever 49, the said lever having been actuated by a pin, 53, on the lever 30 coming in contact with the adjustable block 52 on the arm 5l, which, as before remarked, is secured to the upper arm of the said lever 49. It should bev understood that this position of the block 50 beneath the lever 33 is only continued s0 long that it will maintain the said lever above the rack while the latter is moved forward. When this movement of the rack ceases, the block is withdrawn, and the lever 33 falls and again serves to lock the rack, the plank again turns in the direction of the arrow, while the saws cut from it another segment, and this'backward and forward turning ot the plank and ,moving forward of the same continues until as many segments as desired are cut from it, or until the plank is exhausted, all the segments being precisely alike both as regards width and diameter.

The machine can be readily adjusted to cut segments for wheel-fellies of different diameters bv turning the shaft 58 and the screw-shaft 54, which causes the sliding plate 13, and all the parts attached to the saine, to be moved either from or toward the saws, and

tthesaws themselves, owing to the peculiar manner in which they are attached to the arms k and k of the frame, can be readilyadjus.ed to cut segments of di'erent widths.

Itis important that the plank from which the segments are cut should,in its movements, be attended with as little friction as possible, hence the use `ot' the rollers I), on which the plank rests, the rollers being properly arrtnged to permit the plank to take itscourseY with the least possible retarding or friction. One ot the arms P bears on the surface ofthe plank and serves to maintain the same in contact with the rollers, the arm being arranged to yield slightly, so as to adapt itself to slight Variations in the thickness ofthe plank. Both these arms P serve the additional purpcse of guiding the saws and preventing them from `being strained laterally.

v The weighted arm 'l and its roller u, the latter bearing on the plank, serve to prevent the latter from jarring and rising above the. rollers. v

It should be understood that the teeth of the rack 20 arel so arranged and the movement of the pawl 28 is such that the exact forward movement ofthe plank desired is obtained, so that there may be the least possible waste of material.

In conclusion, I may remark that after the plank is once adjusted and the machine set in Operation its movements are entirely auto matic, the machine requiring no manipulation until one plank has been cut into the desired segments.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. rJwo reciprocating saws, L and L, in combination with the devices herein described, or thel equivalents to the same, for holding the plank and causing the same tomove in the arc of a circle, for the purpose specified.

2. The blocks t', and i", arranged for securing the saws and adjusting the same on the saw-frame yto suit fellies of different sizes,

substantially as set forth.

3. The reciprocating saws L and L', in combination with the table or platform M and rollers P, the whole being arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The adjustable and yielding arm p, when arranged in respect to the saws and for bearing on the plank, substantially as set forth.

5. The weighted arm T, with its roller u, .when arranged fi r bearing on the plank, substantially Vas described, for the purpose specied.

6. The rack 20, furnished with the jaws herein described, or their equivalents, for holding the plank, in combination with the sliding frame 13 and shaft l2, the whole being arranged to so operate that the rack can be moved forward definite distances, and at the same time be so turned that the plank can be moved in the arc of a circle, as described.

7. The adjustable stops 17 and 18 and rack 20, in combination with the pawl 28 and the intermediate devices, or their equivalents, whereby the said stops are caused to operate the pawl and move the rack in the manner described.

8. The lever 33, arranged and operating for locking the rack, substantially as described.

9. The sliding block 50, arranged and operating for maintaining the lever 33 out ofgear with the rack during a portion of the movement of the machine, as set forth.

10. The arm 39, sliding rod 36, and its hangers 40 and 4l, when arranged for operating the weighted lever 43, and through the latter and other appliances herein described, or their equivalents, for reversing the motion of the plank. p

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of' two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT MASSEY. Witnesses:

HENRY HowsoN, J oHN WHITE. 

